AWS Devops Interview Questions and Answers Pdf
AWS DevOps Interview Questions
All are talking about DevOps and the collaborative transformation it can introduce in the software improvement methodology. It is of neither astonishment that several organizations are presently experiencing their tremendous benefit in utilizing the DevOps culture by the period of 2017. The developmental transformation not only requires the right devices for implementation but accurate developers to productively help among the IT. This has generated a huge demand for experienced experts, who can act as a perfect connection between the growth and services team. If you’re aiming to gain DevOps as your ultimate career, suddenly you should apparently share professional coaching presented by industry specialists DevOps Training Online.
If you are exploring for DevOps job, you are proceeding good profession choices since it is adequately paid and densely necessitated job now. In this section, we will go to the DevOps interview questions that you might suspect from your interviewer. The questions are plentiful and we couldn’t probably record all of them, simply later learning this section you should have a genuine plan what expects you and everything you should be prepared for an interview.
AWS DevOps Interview Questions
Here are the top 20 AWS DevOps type sample DevOps Interview Questions and the suggestions to answer these questions are presented simply subsequently to them. These sample questions are framed by experts from SVR Technologies who trains for DevOps Training to give you an idea of a kind of questions which may be required in an interview. We have accepted complete responsibility to give the right answers to all the questions.
1. What is VPC?
Answer: A virtual private cloud (VPC) is a virtual network dedicated to your AWS account. You can configure or create your VPC as per requirement like select region, create subnets (IP- CIDR), configure route tables, security groups, Internet gateway etc to your AWS account By which you can launch your AWS resources, such as Amazon EC2, RDS instances etc, into your VPC.
So basically you can say that Amazon VPC is the networking layer for AWS Infrastructure.
2. What is VPC Peering?
Answer: A VPC peering connection is a networking connection between two VPCs that enables you to route traffic between them using private IP addresses. And instances which are in VPC can communicate with each other as if they are within the same network.
- You can create a VPC peering connection between your own VPCs, or with a VPC in another AWS account within a single region.
- If you have more than one AWS account within the same region and wants to share or transfer the data, you can peer the VPCs across those accounts to create a file-sharing network. You can also use a VPC peering connection to allow other VPCs to access resources you have in one of your VPCs.
- A VPC peering connection can help you to facilitate the transfer of data.
3. What are VPC EndPoints?
Answer: A VPC endpoint enables you to create a private connection between your VPC with another AWS service without requiring access over the Internet, through a NAT device, a VPN connection, or AWS Direct Connect. They are horizontally scaled, redundant, and highly available VPC components that allow communication between instances in your VPC and AWS services without imposing availability risks or bandwidth constraints on your network traffic.
An endpoint enables instances in your VPC to use their private IP addresses to communicate with resources in other services. Don’t require public IP addresses to your instances, and you don’t need an Internet gateway, a NAT device, or a virtual private gateway in your VPC.
4. What is EBS (Elastic Block Storage)?
Answer: EBS is a virtualized SAN or storage area network. Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) provides persistence block-level storage volumes for use with EC2 instances. EBS volumes are highly available and reliable storage volumes that can be attached to any running instance that is in the same Availability Zone.
5. What is S3? What is it used for? Should Encryption be Used in S3?
Answer: Amazon S3 stands for Simple storage service that is storage for the Internet. It as a “simple storage service that offers software developers a highly-scalable, reliable, and low-latency data storage infrastructure at very low costs”.
Amazon S3 provides a simple web service interface which you can use to store and retrieve any amount of data, at any time, from anywhere on the web. Using this web service, developers can easily build applications that make use of Internet storage.
You can think of it like FTP storage, where you can move files to and from there, but not mount it like a file system. AWS automatically puts your snapshots there, as well as AMIs there. Encryption should be considered for sensitive data, as S3 is a proprietary technology developed by Amazon themselves, and as yet unproven vis-a-vis a security standpoint.
Encryption should be considered for sensitive data, as S3 is a proprietary technology developed by Amazon themselves, and yet to be proven from a security standpoint.
6. What is an AMI?
Answer: AMI stands for Amazon Machine Image. It is effectively a snapshot of the root filesystem. AWS AMI provides the information required to launch an instance, which is a virtual server in the cloud. You specify an AMI when you launch an instance, and you can launch as many instances from the AMI as you need. You can also launch instances from as many different AMIs as you need.
An AMI includes the following:
- A template for the root volume for the instance ( such as an operating system, an application server, and applications)
- Launch permissions that control which AWS accounts can use the AMI to launch instances
- A block device mapping that specifies the volumes to attach to the instance when it’s launched
- Build a new AMI by first spinning up and instance from a trusted AMI. Then adding packages and components as required. Be wary of putting sensitive data onto an AMI. For instance your access credentials should be added to an instance after spinup. With a database, mount an outside volume that holds your MySQL data after spinup as well.
7. What is the relation between Instance and AMI?
Answer: An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) is a template that contains a software configuration (for example, an operating system, an application server, and applications). From an AMI, you launch an instance, which is a copy of the AMI running as a virtual server in the cloud.
You can launch different types of instances from a single AMI. An instance type determines the hardware of the host computer used for your instance. Each instance type offers different compute and memory capabilities.
8. What Automation tools can you use to SpinUp servers?
Answer: Here below many types of tools given any of the following tools can be used:
Roll-your-own scripts, and use the AWS API tools. Such scripts could be written in bash, Perl or other language or your choice.
Use a configuration management and provisioning tools like Ansible, puppet or its successor Opscode Chef, etc.
You might also look towards a tool like Scalr. Lastly, you can go with a managed solution such as Rightscale.
9. What are the different Deployment Models for Cloud?
Answer: The different models are:
- Private Cloud
- Public Cloud
- Hybrid Clouds
10. What is Auto-Scaling? How does it work?
Answer:
- Horizontally Scaling
- Vertically Scaling
Autoscaling is a feature of AWS which allows you to configure and automatically provision and spin up new instances without the need for your intervention. You can do this by setting thresholds and metrics to monitor. When those thresholds are crossed, a new instance of your choosing will be spun up, configured, and rolled into the load balancer pool. You’ve scaled horizontally without any operator intervention!
Vertically Scaling: This is an incredible feature of AWS and cloud virtualization. Spinup a new larger instance than the one you are currently running. Pause that instance and detach the root ebs volume from this server and discard. Then stop your live instance, detach its root volume. Note the unique device ID and attach that root volume to your new server. And the start it again. You have scaled vertically in-place!!
11. What is the difference between Scalability and Elasticity?
Answer: Scalability is the ability of a system to increase the workload on its current hardware resources to handle variability in demand.
Elasticity is the ability of a system to increase the workload on its current and additional hardware resources, thereby enabling businesses to meet demand without investing in infrastructure up-front.
12. List out different layers Which define Cloud Architecture?
Answer: There are five layers:
- Cloud Controller (CLC)
- Walrus
- Cluster Controller
- Storage Controller (SC)
- Node Controller (NC)
13. What are the Security Laws Which are Implemented to secure data in a Cloud?
Answer:
The security laws which are implemented to secure data in the cloud are:
- Processing
- File
- Output reconciliation
- Input Validation
- Security and Backup
14. Why API’S have in Cloud Services?
Answer: Application Programming Interface (API) has the following uses:
- It eliminates the need to write fully-fledged programs
- It provides the instructions to set up communication between one or more applications
- It allows easy creation of applications and links the cloud services with other systems
15. How many Data Centers are Deployed for Cloud Computing? What are they?
Answer: There are two data centers in cloud computing:
- Containerized Datacenters
- Low-Density Datacenters
16. What is the Security for Amazon EC2?
Answer: There are several best practices for secure Amazon EC2. A few of them are given below:
- Use AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) to control access to your AWS resources.
- Restrict access by only allowing trusted hosts or networks to access ports on your instance.
- Review the rules in your security groups regularly, and ensure that you apply the principle of least
- Privilege – only open up permissions that you require.
- Disable password-based logins for instances launched from your AMI. Passwords can be found or cracked, and are a security risk.
17. How is Buffer used in Amazon Web Services?
Answer: Buffer is used to making the system more resilient to burst of traffic or load by synchronizing different components. The components always receive and process the requests in an unbalanced way. Buffer keeps the balance between different components and makes them work at the same speed to provide faster services.
18. What is the Function of the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud?
Answer: Amazon Elastic compute cloud also known as Amazon EC2 is an Amazon web service that provides scalable resources and makes the computing easier for developers.
The main functions of Amazon EC2 are:
- It provides easy configurable options and allows the user to configure the capacity.
- It provides the complete control of computing resources and let the user run the computing environment according to his requirements.
- It provides a fast way to run the instances and quickly book the system hence reducing the overall time.
- It provides scalability to the resources and changes its environment according to the requirement of the user.
- It provides varieties of tools to the developers to build failure resilient applications.
19. What are the different Components used in AWS?
Answer: The components that are used in AWS are:
- Amazon S3: it is used to retrieve input data sets that are involved in making a cloud architecture and also used to store the output data sets that are the result of the input.
- Amazon SQS: it is used for buffering requests that are received by the controller of the Amazon. It is the component that is used for communication between different controllers.
- Amazon Simple DB: it is used to store intermediate status log and the tasks that are performed by the user/Amazon EC2: it is used to run a large distributed processing on the Hadoop cluster. It provides automatic parallelization and job scheduling.
20. Explain the function of an Amazon EC2 Instance like Stopping, Starting and Terminating?
Answer: Stopping and Starting an instance: When an instance is stopped, the instance performs a normal shutdown and then transitions to a stopped state. All of its Amazon EBS volumes remain attached, and you can start the instance again at a later time. You are not charged for additional instance hours while the instance is in a stopped state.
Terminating an instance: When an instance is terminated, the instance performs a normal shutdown, then the attached Amazon EBS volumes are deleted unless the volume’s delete OnTermination attribute is set to false. The instance itself is also deleted, and you can’t start the instance again at a later time. Hope it would be very helpful to understand and crack the interview.
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