DevOps Engineer Interview Questions for Freshres & Exp

1. What are the core roles of DevOps Engineers in terms of development and Infrastructure?
The core job roles of DevOps Engineer? (devops-engineer-interview-questions)
Answer:

Application development
Code developing
Code coverage
Unit testing
Packaging
Deployment With infrastructure
Continuous Integration
Continuous Testing
Continuous Deployment
Provisioning
Configuration
Orchestration

2. Explain your understanding and expertise on both the software development side and the technical operations side of an organization you’ve worked for in the past?
Answer: DevOps engineers almost always work in a 24/7 business-critical online environment. I was adaptable to on-call duties and able to take up real-time, live-system responsibility. I successfully automated processes to support continuous software deployments. I have experience with public/private clouds, tools like Chef or Puppet, scripting and automation with tools like Python and PHP, and a background in Agile.

3. Which scripting languages do you think are most important for a DevOps engineer?
Answer: As far as scripting languages go, the simpler the better. In fact, the language itself isn’t as important as understanding design patterns and development paradigms such as procedural, object-oriented, or functional programming.

4. What’s the background of your system?
Answer: Some DevOps jobs require extensive systems knowledge, including server clustering and highly concurrent systems. As a DevOps engineer, you need to analyze system capabilities and implement upgrades for efficiency, scalability, and stability, or resilience. It is recommended that you have a solid knowledge of OSes and supporting technologies, like network security, virtual private networks, and proxy server configuration.

DevOps relies on virtualization for rapid workload provisioning and allocating compute resources to new VMs to support the next rollout, so it is useful to have in-depth knowledge around popular hypervisors. This should ideally include backup, migration, and lifecycle management tactics to protect, optimize and eventually recover computing resources. Some environments may emphasize microservices software development tailored for virtual containers. Operations expertise must include extensive knowledge of systems management tools like Microsoft System Center, Puppet, Nagios and Chef.
such as a card, and the other is typically something memorized, such as a security code.

5. What are the uses of APIs in cloud services?
Answer: API’s (Application Programming Interface are used to eliminate the necessity to write complete programs. (Online training institute)

The instructions are provided to make communication between one or more applications.
Creation of applications is made easy and accessible for the link of cloud services with other systems.

6. Explain how Memcached should not be used?
Answer:

Memcached common misuse is to use it as a data store, and not as a cache
Never use Memcached as the only source of the information you need to run your application. Data should always be available through another source as well
Memcached is just a key or value store and cannot perform query over the data or iterate over the contents to extract information
Memcached does not offer any form of security either in encryption or authentication.
7. Mention the different datacenter’s deployment of cloud computing?
Answer: Cloud computing consists of different datacenters such as :

Containerized data centers: Containerized data centers are the packages that contain a consistent set of servers, network components, and storage delivered to large warehouse kind of facilities. Here each deployment is relatively unique.

Low-density datacenters: Containerized datacentres promote heavy density which in turn causes much heat and significant engineering troubles. Low-density datacentres are the solution to this problem. Here the equipment is established far apart so that it cools down the generated heat.

8. How is DevOps different from Agile / SDLC?
Answer: I would advise you to go with the below explanation: Agile is a set of values and principles about how to produce i.e. develop software. Example: if you have some ideas and you want to turn those ideas into working software, you can use the Agile values and principles as a way to do that. But, that software might only be working on a developer’s laptop or in a test environment. You want a way to quickly, easily and repeatably move that software into production infrastructure, in a safe and simple way. To do that you need DevOps tools and techniques.

You can summarize by saying Agile software development methodology focuses on the development of software but DevOps, on the other hand, is responsible for development as well as the deployment of the software in the safest and most reliable way possible. Here’s a blog that will give you more information on the evolution of DevOps.

9. Does this change affect all the components of a Puppet?
Answer: As part of this change, we’re also changing the license of the Factor system inventory tool to Apache. This change will take effect with Factor version 1.6.0, and earlier versions of Factor will remain licensed under the GPLv2 license. This change will bring the licensing of Puppet’s two key components into alignment.

10. Which scripting language is most important for a DevOps engineer?
Answer:

Software development and Operational automation require programming. In terms of scripting
Bash is the most frequently used Unix shell which should be your first automation choice. It has a simple syntax and is
designed specifically to execute programs in a non-interactive manner. The same stands for Perl which owes a great deal of its popularity to being very good at manipulating text and storing data in databases.
Next, if you are using Puppet or Chef it’s worth learning Ruby which is relatively easy to learn, and so many of the automation tools have been specifically with it.
Java has a huge impact on IT backend, although it has a limited spread across Operations.