Sharepoint 2022 Interview Questions and Answers

1. Explain about Solutions in SharePoint?
Answer: Solutions are nothing but the container packages for Features. The solution is a cabinet (.cab) file with extension .wsp which contains various components needed to be deployed (features, web parts, custom forms, etc.) along with files that describe some important metadata about those Components. 
Once a Solution is installed on a server in the farm, you can deploy it to any web application from your Solution Management.

2. What is the use of a .ddf file?
Answer:
A .ddf file is a data directive file that describes the files that need to be deployed and their destination (in SharePoint). .ddf is used when building the SharePoint solution. This file is a parameter to makecab.exe which outputs the wsp file.

3. What is the difference between BDC and BCS?
Answer: BCS is new in SharePoint2010 and stands for Business connectivity Services. Using BCS one can read and write into the external Database. In BDC, one can only perform the reading from an external Database. (Online Training Institute)

4. Which are social features introduced in SharePoint 2010?
Answer: Tags, Notes, and “I like it”: Now in SharePoint 2010, a user can add tags and notes with any page which can be either public or private. A user can also mark a page if he/she liked that page. SharePoint 2010 adds two icons “I like It” and “Tags & Notes” in all the pages to provide this functionality.
Ratings: SharePoint 2010 allows users to rate items within the SharePoint site, such as ratings various items within Document libraries, custom lists, blog posts, discussion threads, etc.
Tag Cloud: SharePoint 2010 includes an out-of-the-box tag cloud which can be added to any page within the SharePoint site
Newsfeed: Newsfeed is another feature included in SharePoint 2010. You can set the types of updates you want to get in your newsfeed. You can set this using the out-of-the-box settings section available within the user profile page.

5. How is SharePoint Portal Server different from the Site Server?
Answer: It becomes difficult to keep track of a large number of documents with the growth of companies. SharePoint lets these be stored centrally. So instead of having them shared via emails, Sharepoint allows easy access to the members by storing the files in one place. SharePoint allows anyone to create sites for use within their company’s Intranet.

6. What is MOSS?
Answer: Microsoft Office SharePoint Server (MOSS) is the full version of a portal-based platform for collaboratively creating, managing and sharing documents and Web services.
In MOSS additional feature add that cannot in WSS 3.0.

7. What is new for end-users in SharePoint 2013?
Answer: In SharePoint 2013, one of them is a new way of assigning permissions. You can assign the permissions from the home page of the site and can use the “Share” button on the top right corner.8. What are WebPart properties, and what are some of the attributes you see when declaring WebPart properties in code? _text]Answer:
Web Part properties are just like ASP.NET control properties, they are used to interact with and specify attributes that should be applied to a Web Part by a user. Some of the attributes you see with ASP.NET 2.0 properties are Web Description, Web Display Name, Category, Personalizable, and Web Browsable. Although most of these properties come from the System. Web. UI. Web Controls. Web Parts class, ones like Category come out of System. Component Model namespace.

9. Why are properties important in WebPart development, and how have you exploited them in past development projects? What must each custom property have?
Answer: Properties are important because WebParts allow levels of personalization for each user. WebPart properties make it possible for a user to interact, adjust, and increase overall experience value with the programmatic assets that you develop without needing to use an external editor or write any code. A very simple example of exploiting a property would be something like allowing the user to change the text on the WebPart design interface so that they can display whatever string of text they desire.
Each custom property that you have must have the appropriate get and set accessor methods.

10. What base class do custom Field Controls inherit from?
Answer: This varies. Generally, custom field controls inherit from Microsoft.SharePoint.WebControls.BaseFieldControl namespace, but you can inherit from the default field controls.

11. Can multiple SharePoint installs point to the same DB?
Answer: Multiple SharePoint installs can use the same database server. Not literally the same database on that server. That server must be SQL Server 2000 or SQL Server 2005. It cannot be Oracle or another vendor.

12. What are the zones in SharePoint?
Answer:
1. Zones provide the separate logical paths of authentication for the same web application.
2. We can create 5 zones for each web application as follows:
a. Default
b. Intranet
c. Extranet
d. Internet and
e. Custom
3. Each zone represented by different web sites in IIS.

13. What is Web Application in SharePoint?
Answer:
1. In SharePoint Web Application is an IIS website.
2. From Central Admin we can create the web application. Each web application is associated with one IIS web site.
3. Once the web application is created, we can extend the web application in different zones.
4. For each web application, the content database is created.

14. What is the main purpose of Microsoft Sharepoint 2010?
Answer:
– Microsoft Sharepoint 2010 provides an application platform that allows building web content management systems.
– It allows the configuration to be done easily and provide the solution areas for web applications and document management systems.
– It is a multi-purpose design that allows the use of design, management, scaling and provisioning to be done for business applications.
– It consists of layers that are managed and abstracted from the webserver to enable business users to take advantage of the technical aspects of the web development environment.
– Its purpose is to provide pre-defined applications with proper functionality like intranet portals, extranets, and websites and file management applications.

15. What base class do event receivers inherit from?
Answer: Event receivers either inherit from the SPListEventReciever base class or the SPItemEventReciever base class, both of which derive from the abstract base class SPEventReceiverBase.

16. What is the difference between asynchronous and synchronous event receivers?
Answer: An asynchronous event occurs after an action has taken place, and the asynchronous event occurs before an action has taken place. For example, an asynchronous event is ItemAdded, and its sister synchronous event is ItemAdding.

17. When do you use the SP Site Data Query?
Answer: You can use SPSiteDataQuery when you need to extract data from more than onelistlibrary in your site collection. The data is extracted based on the query you write and is returned as a Datatable. You can also specify the GUID for the listslibraries you want to query against.
.18. Explain about cmdlets _text]Answer:
The concept of the cmdlet is introduced by Windows PowerShell. These cmdlets are simple build-in commands, written in a .net language like C# or VB.

19. What tools can be used to back up a SharePoint 2010 environment?
Answer:
– SharePoint farm backup and recovery
– SQL Server
Explain 1) BDC 2) BCS

1) BDC – also called Business Data Catalogue is used to connect to an external database and read it in SharePoint.

2) BCS – Also called Business Connectivity Services is new in SharePoint2010. BCS aids in reading and writing into the external Database.

20. Why do you use Feature Receivers?
Answer: Feature Receivers are used to execute any code on ActivationDeactivation of features. You can use it for various purposes.

21. What are the various types of input forms that can be created for a workflow?
Answer:

Four types of input forms can be created for a workflow:

1. Association form
2. Initiation form
3. Modification form
4. Task edit form

22. For a workflow, what are the types of input forms that can be created?
Answer:

For a Workflow, you can create 4 different types of input forms which are given as follows:
1. an association form
2. An initiation form
3. A modification form
4. A task edit form.

23. Mention different products in SharePoint 2010?
Answer:

There are 2 different products in SharePoint 2010.
They are
1) SharePoint Foundation 2010 which is a free version and
2) SharePoint Server 2010 which is a paid version. (Interview Questions and Answers)

24. Discuss the features of SharePoint 2010?
Answer:

Some of the features of SharePoint 2010 are discussed as follows:
1) Large lists
2) Document Collaboration
3) Enterprise Search FAST Search
4) Silver Light web part
5) New Enhance Web Part
6) Business Connectivity Services
7) Social Media Investments
8) Enhanced collaboration features
9) Usage reporting and logging
10) Visio Services
11) Better Network Differencing & SharePoint Offline in SharePoint Workspace
12) High Availability/ Disaster Recovery Innovation
13) SharePoint Designer Enhancements like portable workflows, and granular delegation
14) Sandbox Solutions
15) Service Applications

25. Discuss the differences between Library vs List?
Answer:

The major differences between both are:
The library is used to store the document whereas Lists are the container of similar items in the form of rows and columns.
In the Library, you can create core documents like Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. But in List, You cannot create a document, instead of that you can attach a document in a particular List.26. Explain about a Field Control? _text]Answer:

Field controls are ASP.NET 2.0 server controls.
These controls will provide the basic field functionality of SharePoint. They also provide basic general functionality such as displaying or editing list data as it appears on SharePoint list pages.

27. Discuss the security levels which are assigned to users?
Answer: The administrator will assign the Security levels who is adding the user. There are four levels by default which are discussed as follows:

1) Reader – In this level, the user will have read-only access to the Web site.
2) Contributor – The user can add content to existing document libraries and lists.
3) Web Designer – The user can create lists and document libraries and customize pages in the Web site.

28. Does a SharePoint Web site include search functionality?
Answer: Yes, the SharePoint Web site includes search functionality.
SharePoint Team Services provides a powerful text-based search feature that helps you find documents and information fast. (SharePoint Training Online)

29. How to associate an Event Handler to a particular list?
Answer: If you are writing an event handler on a list or library it will prompt you to select the list type.
If you select announcements, tasks or any custom list. Generally, it will run on the lists which have the same template id.
To avoid Event handlers to running on all the lists of similar template ids
Go to Elements.XML file of the event receiver
When you create Event Receivers in your solution in Visual studio you will have the following line added
Template id will be the different types for different types of lists.
But our scenario is list template id is the same but we need to run on a particular list, so we need to replace that line with the below line.

This directs the event receiver to respond only to events that occur in the Custom list. You can change the ListURL attribute to reference any list instance on the SharePoint server.

30. What is The web part life cycle??
Answer:

Web Part Life Cycle starts with
OnInit- to configure the web part.
OnLoad- to load add controls.
CreateChildControls- It is used to create controls and set its property.
LoadViewState- The view state of the web part is populated over here.
OnPreRender- it is used to change the web part properties.
RenterContents- it generates the output in HTML.
OnUnLoad- to unload the web part.
Dispose of- to free the memory.

31. How to create a custom feature?
Answer:

To create a custom feature: –
Create an xml file named feature.xml and its manifest file. Save it in a folder and save that folder in 12- hive templatefeature.
To install: –
Go to the command prompt, navigate 12- hive bin folder & run the command.
Stsadm -0 installfeature –filename <filelocation+name>
To Activate: –
Go to command prompt, navigate 12- hive bin folder & run the command.
Stsadm -0 active feature –name -URL
To Deactivate: –
Go to the command prompt, navigate 12- hive bin folder & run the command.
Stsadm -0 reactive feature –name -URL
to uninstall: –
Go to the command prompt, navigate 12- hive bin folder & run the command.
Stsadm -0 uninstall feature –filename <filelocation+name>

32. Explain the Share Point Architecture?
Answer:

Having 3 layers, like 3 tire architecture
1. WFE
2. Application Layer
3. Database Layer
1. WFE: –
Here we have share point Installed.
We have 12-hive structure & virtual drives.
Here IIS web sites are hosted.
Here servers are clustered on & are in synch.
2. Application Layer: –
Share Point provides different services.
This layer provides those services, like my site hosting, user profile & searching, etc.
one server can be dedicated to a particular service depend upon the scalability.
3. Database Layer: –
Here we have the SQL server installed.
Here content DB is hosted.
For moss 2007, it is the SQL server 2005. For Share Point 2010, it is the SQL server 2008.
Here servers are clustered on & are in synch.
* Every layer has a load balancer to control the traffic.

33. How can debug share point application and timer jobs? With steps?
Answer:

Steps 1: build application place .dll into gac and reset iis
steps 2: On the Debug menu, select Attach to Process
Step 3: Select the Show processes from all user’s checkboxes.
Steps 4: select W3W.exe and OSWTIMER.exe can attach
steps 5: refresh SharePoint site point breakpoint

34. What is the difference between a Sandbox solution & a farm solution?
Answer: We can create a sandbox solution for a particular site but not for the entire site collection or farm. It is not applicable to farm solutions. There are some restrictions while creating a sandbox solution.

35. What is a SharePoint Solution File? How does it differ from WebPart .cab files in legacy development? What does it contain?
Answer: A SharePoint solution file is essentially a .cabinet file with all a developer’s custom components suffixed with a .wsp extension that aids in deployment. The big difference with SharePoint solution files is is that a solution:
allows deployment to all WFE’s in a farm
is highly manageable from the interface allowing deployment, retraction, and versioning
Can package all types of assets like site definitions, feature definitions (and associated components), Web parts, etc.
It can provide Code Access Security provisioning to avoid GAC deployments.

36. What are the various zones in SharePoint?
Answer:

– Zones provide the separate logical paths of authentication for the same web application.
– 5 zones can be created for each web application :
1. Default
2. Intranet
3. Extranet
4. Internet
5. Custom

37. What is Web Application?
Answer: WebApplication is an IIS website. The content-database is created for each web application.
– WebApplication can be created from a central admin.
– Once a web application is created, it can be extended to different zones.

38. Why we use properties.current.web instead of SP Context. Current.web in event receiver?
Answer: When we deploy the project from Visual studio then we can use the SPContext.Current.web but when we use the PowerShell to activate or deactivate the feature then we have to use properties.current.web because there is no access to browser here.

39. Which are default master pages in SharePoint 2010?
Answer:

1. V4.master – This is the default master page.
2. default. master – this is used to supporting the 2007 user interface
3. minimal.master
4. simple. master – it is used for access denied.aspx, confirmation.aspx, error.aspx, login.aspx, reach.aspx, signout.aspx & web deleted.aspx pages.

40. What is the difference between CustomMasterUrl & MasterUrl?
Answer: MasterCard is used to change the layout of all user’s end pages but CustomMasterUrl is for changing the layout of admin side pages.

41. developing a content type, and what is the purpose of each?
Answer: There is generally the main content type file that holds things like the content type ID, name, group, description, and version. There is also the ContentType.Fields file which contains the fields to include in the content type that has the ID, Type, Name, DisplayName, StaticName, Hidden, Required, and Sealed elements. They are related by the FieldRefs element in the main content type file.

42. What is the difference between method activity and event activity in WorkFlow?
Answer: A method activity is one that acts, such as creating or updating a task. An event activity is one that runs in response to an action occurring.

43. Can you give an example where feature receivers are used?
Answer: You can use it to assign an event receiver feature to a specific type of list or can write code in a feature receiver Deactivate method to remove a web part from the web part gallery.

44. How will you cancel a deployment from central admin -> solution management, if it’s stuck at ³deploying´ or ³Error?
Answer: You can either try to force execute timer jobs using execadmsvcjobs command or can cancel the deployment using stsadm command stsadm ±o cancel deployment ±id {GUID}command. The Id here would be GUID of the timer or deployment job. You can get the Id from the stsadm menu deployment command. This will display all the deployments which are a processor that are stuck with Error.

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