SAP SD Interview Questions And Answers For Freshers Pdf
1. What is the difference between incomplete order and backorder processing?
Answer: In the case of creating a sales order, when mandatory fields are missing, it is called incomplete order and it is decided by incompletion procedure.
Backorder processing when material quantity is not confirmed or delivery confirmation date cannot be kept.
There are two types of backorder processing
1) manual backorder processing
2) Automatic via rescheduling?
2. What is the difference between SD account key and FI account key?
Answer: As far as account key concern both are the same to find the right G/L Account through condition technique.SD account key will be from pricing procedure. On the other hand, FI account key will be from tax procedure.
3. Assigning Movement Type How do I assign movement type?
Answer:
You assign movement type against the schedule line category.
expects the reporting to be. If their expectation is to look on performance by services, then you have to define them as divisions. Defining services as order type is not the right approach since you face the same problem of data maintenance issues here too, should a service type be moved to a different business unit. Look for the reporting they have today and the reporting expected out of SAP. This will determine which course to take.
4. What is Higher Level Item Category? How it’s controlled?
Answer: Higher-level item category depends upon the material type and item category of the other item. The higher-level item category by looking at any linkage of items and then tracing back to the main item category.
Higher Level Item Category is the item category of the high-level item. It controls the item category of the item along with sales document type, item category group, and usage. (
5. What is the transfer order?
Answer:
A transfer order is created for picking the goods in warehouse management. Transfer order contains
1. Material Number
2. Quantity to be moved
3. Source storage bin to destination storage bin.
Through this transfer order picking list generated.
6. What’s the process of Pricing Procedures Determination?
Answer: Sales Organization, Distribution Channel, Division, Document Pricing Procedure, Customer Pricing Procedure, Pricing Procedure, Pricing Procedure(Description), Condition Type, Condition Type(Description).
7. How is the item category determined?
Answer:
In general item category determination is happened through sales document type+item usage+item category group+higher level item category +default item category
In the creating from reference document item category determination is happened from copy control where source item category to target item category. if it is not maintained, item category determination happens though normal determination like sales document type+ item usage+item category group + higher-level item category+default item category.
8. Cannot Save Layout under SD01 under 4.5B Under transaction code SDO1, I try to save a display variant with the pathway: settings-> display variants. However, the save option is grayed-out. How should I resolve this issue?
Answer: There is an unapplied SAP Note that will correct the error. Once the correct note is applied the save option will not be grayed-out.
9. Product Allocation Exception We have set availability check against product allocation using fields Prod.allocation obj., MATNR, WERKS, and customer in the referenced infostructure. In the infostructure referenced, these fields are coming from MCVBAP-MATNR, MCVBAP-WERKS. But for the structure field “plant,” we now need to make an exception. In certain cases, we have to check and update existing allocation in a plant different from the delivering plant. I found EXIT_SAPLQUOT_003 to check allocation on a different plant, but I am not able to find a way to update the structure on this plant.
Do I have to change the update rules/source fields for the infostructure?
Answer:
The user exit is only useful for changing the plant
prior to executing product allocation checks. To get the update of the infostructure against the same plant, you will need to write a routine for the plant in the infostructure.
10. Do I have to change the update rules/source fields for the infostructure?
Answer:
The user exit is only useful for changing the plant
prior to executing product allocation checks. To get the update of the infostructure against the same plant, you will need to write a routine for the plant in the infostructure. (E learning Portal)
10. What is condition exclusion?
Answer:
Condition exclusion indicator can be set in condition type and condition record.
If it is set in condition record, condition type is excluded from being accessing and requirement function is ignored.
On the other hand, condition exclusion in condition record help to compare condition record between two condition exclusion groups or between two condition types to determine the best price. All other condition types will be deactivated.
11. What is the difference between transaction data and master data?
Answer: Master Data refers to the characteristics of an object whereas transaction data refers to all the transactions that are carried out using the object. Any data which does not change so frequently in master data like configuration settings like company data, personal area, etc. Any data which keeps changing so often in transactional data, like employee data.
12. What is ASAP methodology?
Answer: ASAP streamlines the implementation by providing templates, methods, tools, and accelerators that have been built on the success of thousands of previous SAP implementations.
This methodology divides the implementation process into 5 phases.
Phase 1: Project Preparation.
Phase 2: Business Blueprint.
Phase 3: Realization.
Phase 4: Final Preparation.
Phase 5: Go-live and Support.
13. What are the fields in pricing procedure?
Answer:
1. Step
2.Counter
3 Condition type
4. Description
5. From
6. To
7. Manual
8. Mandatory
9. Statistic
10. Print
11. Subtotal
12. Requirement
13 alternative calculation type
14. Alternative condition base value
15. Account key
16 Accrual
14. Mandatory Condition While creating a quotation, I am getting the error” Mandatory condition MWST is missing.” Although MWST is present in procedure RVAA01, what are the steps to solve this?
Answer:
Use transaction code VK11 and enter condition type MWST. Next, enter the details in that document.
15. What is the difference between routine and requirements?
Answer:
routines define which field should copy from reference document to the target document.
The requirement should meet when is being copied from source document to target document. If requirement is not met, a warning message is displayed or process may be terminated.
16. What is Invoice correction?
Answer: It is a sales document type(RK). This documented process a new way of processing complaints and issuing credit and debit memos. The document allows us to correct the quantity and the price for one or more faulty items on an invoice. Each invoice correction request is made in reference to a (mandatory) invoice. We cannot create one in reference to an order or quotation. Each invoice correction request contains two items for each item on the invoice. The first item is the value and quantity copied from the invoices; this appears as the credit item. The second item is the debit item, which represents the correct quantity and or value. Should you change this second debit item due to new pricing etc, the difference between the two would then be automatically passed on to billing as either a credit or debit memo.
17. Posting to Accounts I am working on a system where someone has changed standard SAP and the SAP standard pro forma invoice. Where is this set? There is no account determination procedure assigned to the document in SD but it is picking up the standard one and posting to accounts?
Answer: In VOFA check the SD Document category. It
should be set to U and the transaction group should be set to 8. Likely these were changed to real invoices. The transaction group tells pro forma invoices not to be posted to accounts. If you have a posting block, wait until someone releases it to accounting in change mode.
18. How is the shipping point determined?
Answer: Shipping condition from sales document type, if it is not maintained, it takes from sol-to-party customer master sales area shipping tab page.
Delivering plant from customer material info record, if it not maintained, it takes from ship-to-party customer master record .if it is not maintained, it takes from material master sales-org1.
Loading group from material master record plant/storage 1 tab page
19. What is the client-specific data?
Answer: Client-specific data means when data is maintained within the same client suppose client 500, and under 500 clients you create company structure and under this company structure you create customer master data and material master data and under this company structure all business transactions happen. Thus, all business transactions which is happened in the same 500(client) that is called client-specific data.
20. What is a repository? And how to add it in an Informatica client?
Answer: It’s a location where all the mappings and sessions related information is stored. Basically it’s a database where the metadata resides. We can add a repository through the Repository manager.
21. What is the Product attributes?
Answer: It’s a location where all the mappings and sessions related information is stored. Basically it’s a database where the metadata resides. We can add a repository through the Repository manager.
22. What is a Sales organization, Distribution Channel, Division?
Answer:
Sales Organization: An organizational unit sells and distributes products, negotiates term of sales, and is responsible for these truncations.
Distribution Channel: This channel through which materials or services reach customers. Typical distribution channels include Internet sale, wholesale, retail and direct sales. You can assign a distribution channel to one or more sales organizations.
Division: Product groups can be defined as a wide-ranging spectrum of products.
23. How can u check in SAP system, how, when and by whom which fields in the customer master record were changed? Answer: Display Master rec. XDO3, and on the top menu in The Environment – Account changes- all fields. Place the cursor on the relevant line and select Choose.
24. Where is the logic that controls this and how do we change it?
Answer: You will have to take a look at copy control (from Sales document to Billing document), on item level. Most likely the routine will show 001. If you change that routine to 003, then you should get an invoice per sales order.
25. A is your client; B is your client’s customer. B need X material, but X material is now out of stock, then you can solve this problem?
Answer: In this case, we are using a third-party process. This process uses a purchase order (Which is sent to you by the vendor). Also, invoice verification is used further along the process to check that the invoices you send to your customer are the same material and quantity as that which the vendor sent to the customer (But obviously shipped directly to your customer).
26. what are the components of Informatica? And what is the purpose of each?
Answer: Informatica Designer, Server Manager & Repository Manager. Designer for Creating Source & Target definitions, Creating Mapplets and Mappings, etc. Server Manager for creating sessions & batches, Scheduling the sessions & batches, Monitoring the trig Jered sessions and batches, giving post and pre-session commands, creating database connections tc various instances, etc. Repository Manage for Creating and Adding repositories, Creating & editing folders within a repository, Establishing users, groups. privileges & folder permissions, Copy. delete, bac: up a repository, Viewing the history of sessions, Viewing the locks on various objects and removing those locks, etc.
27. How is credit control determined?
Answer: Credit control area determined by credit control area+Credit Risk Category+Credit group.
28. What is Item Category? How can we assign it?
Answer: The sales item category is one of the most important fields in the SAP sales order. It controls the sales document flow and also impacts the schedule line category. The item category of the sales order affects the delivery and finally impacts the billing process as well.
Sales Document Type, Item Category Group, Item Category Usage, Higher-Level Item, Default Item Category.
29. How do I change this?
Answer: This can be solved through SE43 itself.
Create a new menu area then the name of that area menu is automatically assigned to the main node.
30. How many sales document types?
Answer: Sales Document Header (VBAK), Sales Document Item (VBAP), Sales Document Schedule line (VBEP).
31. What is Extract used in condition tech? in pricing?
Answer: Condition table+Access sequence+Condition type+pricing procedure=condition technique.
The above extract is used to find suitable condition record.
32. What is the difference between Static and Dynamic Credit Check?
Answer: Static credit check is a check which is comparing the credit limit assign to the customer to the total value of open sales order, plus total value of open delivery that are not yet to invoiced plus total amount billing document that are yet to be passed on accounting plus total value of billing amount that are yet to be paid by customer.
Dynamic credit is a check which is comparing the credit limit assign to the customer to the total value of open sales order, plus total value of open delivery that are not yet to invoiced plus total amount billing document that are yet to be passed on accounting plus total value of billing amount that are yet to be paid by customer.
But, the difference is that time period (credit horizon) is attached with dynamic credit states that the system is not calculated all open item and all open value after the credit horizon. On the other hand, there is no time period is not attached to the static credit limit. For this reason, all open items and all open values are taken into account.
33. What is the difference between the item proposal and dynamic proposal?
Answer: In item proposal, when you enter details in the sales document and click the propose items to get item list of the customer regularly purchases
On the other hand, once you specify the sold-to-party and press enter, the system automatically gives the list of materials for the customer regularly in a faster way than item proposal.34. To View the Invoice Due Date A certain customer has credit payment terms wherein if the invoice is cut between Dec 1 –15 2005, then the invoice due date should be Jan 15, 2006. I have configured the payment terms in the transaction code OBB8. I created the sales order with the customer and got the specific payment terms in the overview screen, and then I made the delivery and then the invoice.
34. Can I view the invoice due date (Jan 16, 2006) in the invoice?
Answer: You should be able to see the due date in the AR Module. If you go into fbl5n and search for the customer, you can see the due date in the overview screen.
35. Subtotals in Pricing How do the subtotals that have carry over value KOMPKZWI1, KOMP-KZWi2, work with respect to condition types?
Answer: Subtotals are not tied to condition types per se.
You control what goes into the field by assigning subtotals within your pricing procedure. If you assign a particular line in your pricing procedure to be subtotal 5, its value will be moved to KOMP-KZWI5.
36. Transaction VF04 Authorization Check for Division When we run the transaction for VF04 no authorization check is done for this division. This is causing some problems because some users run the transaction VF04 and create billing documents for a division for which they are not responsible. Is there a user exit or other way that we can force transaction VF04 to look at the division as part of the authorization check?
Answer: Make the modification to include a check within the copying requirements of the division in the source document instead of the user authorization.
37. How to maintain Pricing Procedures?
Answer: In Pricing Procedures 16 steps are needed to maintain. These are Step, Counter, Condition Type, Description, From, To, Manually, Mandatory, Statistically, Print, Sub
Total, Requirement, Alternative Condition Type, Alternative condition base value, Account Key, Accruals Key.
38. What are the user exits?
Answer: User Exit is the place where you can enhance sap documents and you can activate and deactivate some fields and create some fields through coding. Even, you can create new routine and formula through coding. But, you cannot change the standard sap document. This is can be done by ABAP
39. Mention what are the Sales Document types in SAP? What is the configuration step to define sales document type in SAP SD?
Answer:
The Sales Document types available in SAP are
- Credit Memo Request
- Debit Memo Request
- Standard Order
- Returns, etc.
40. What is the purpose of the sales document type?
Answer: Sales document will determine whether the process will be cash sales or rush order
It will determine the process of whether the order will be normal order or release order.
It will determine what will be the delivery type of order.
It will determine what will be the billing type of order.
41. What is Alternative condition base value? Give an example?
Answer: This column indicates a formula assigned to a condition type in order to promote an alternative base value for the calculation of a value. For example, you may specify a formula that uses a subtotal of 4 from the subtotal field and then modifies it slightly by dividing it by 2 and using the resultant value as a base value for a condition type.
42. What is Alternative condition type? Give an example?
Answer: This column is used to specify that the system is to use the formula represented in this column as an alternative in finding the value of the condition type, rather than by using standard condition technique. This is maybe used, for example, to calculate complex tax scenarios.
43. BOM Usage When we create a BOM through CS01, what effect does BOM usage field have on subsequent configuration? For example, if we take it as 1=production or 5=sales what effect will it have on subsequent processes?
Answer:
A sales usage means that production will not see it,
and a production usage means that sales will not see it. The components each may or may not be saleable, but as a sales, BOM is intended to explode onto a sales order, a non-saleable item on a sales BOM would generally not be recommended. The usage is precisely what it sounds like; which function will use the particular BOM.
44. What is the cause of this?
Answer: The VPRS is a valuation condition, normally the
cost of goods sold. If it comes from the material master record, it is a standard valuation price. However, if it comes from the information record, it is the very cost of goods sold. You may have a difference from the price you valued your material at and the real cost of purchase. Check if you have a standard value in your master record or if you have a relevant info record. Another possibility is your customized condition is undoing the VPRS.
45. What is an integration point between SD AND MM?
Answer: When an order is created availability check and transfer of requirement happens, that is one SD and MM integration point.
In the case of delivery, picking happens and after that PGI happens that is another integration point of SD and MM.
46. What is the use of customer Account group?
Answer:
Customer Account group control the master data of customer
It helps to determine customer number assignment
It helps to determine which field should be optional and which field should be mandatory and hide.
It controls the transaction of a customer master
47. Why does the customer master have different views?
Answer:
here are three views in customer master data that are given below:
a) General Data: general data is applicable for accounting and sales and distribution purpose
Address,Control data,payment transaction,marketing,unloading point,export data,contact person
b) Company Code Data: Company code data is applicable only accounting purpose.
Account management,payment transaction,correspondence,insurance
c) Sales area Data: sales area data is applicable only sales and distribution purpose.
Sales,shipping,billing,partner function.
48. Pricing Procedure I have created two pricing procedures. One is for normal pricing and the other for taxes. When I am trying to do a sales order, only the first pricing procedure is applying and it is not accepting the second one. Why? What is the exact link between these two pricing procedures and the condition types?
Answer: The pricing procedure is determined according to the sales area, customer pricing procedure field in the customer master (sold-to), document pricing procedure field in the sales document type. You may need to identify the criteria to determine the right pricing procedure when you enter a sales order. The transaction code to define pricing procedure determination is OVKK. Normally taxes are included in the actual pricing procedure, as part of the determination of the actual price (including taxes) the customer will pay. Taxes need to be calculated based on the given prices in the pricing procedure.
49. Difference between Connected & Unconnected lookup?
Answer: An unconnected Lookup transformation exists separate from the pipeline in the mapping. You write an expression using the: LKP reference qualifier to call the lookup within another transformation. While the connected -lookup forms a part of the whole flow of mapping.
50. What is the Product attributes?
Answer: By defining product attributes, you take customer preferences for product substitution into account. For example, you may have customers who refuse products produced abroad or products that contain a coupon. When you define product attributes, the system checks them in product selection, ignoring any material with a product attribute that the customer has explicitly rejected.
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