MuleSoft Interview Questions and Answers Pdf
1. What Is Mule?
Answer: Mule is a lightweight event-driven enterprise service bus (ESB) and an integration platform. It is a lightweight and modular solution that could scale from an application-level messaging framework to an enterprise-wide highly distributable object broker. (mulesoft interview questions and answers pdf)
2. Why The Name Mule?
Answer: There is a lot of infrastructure work to be done before we can really start thinking about implementing any logic. So this infrastructure work is regarded as “donkey work” as it needs doing for every project. A Mule is also commonly referred to as a carrier of load, moving it from one place to another. The load that specializes in moving is our enterprise information.
3. What Are Available Esbs Apart From Mule?
Answer: All major JEE vendors (BEA, IBM, Oracle, Sun) have an ESB in their catalog. It isunremarkably based on their middleware technologies and is usually at the core of a much broader SOA product suite. There are also some commercial ESBs that have been built by vendors not in the field of JEE application servers, like the ones from Progress Software, IONA Technologies, and Software AG
4. What are Batch Jobs in Mule ESB?
Answer:
- A batch job is a top-level element in Mule which exists outside all Mule flows. Batch jobs split large messages into records which Mule processes asynchronously in a batch job; just as flows process messages, batch jobs process records.
- A batch job contains one or more batch steps which, in turn, contain any number ofmessage processors that act upon records as they move through the batch job.
- During batch processing, you can use record-level variable and MEL expressions to enrich, route or otherwise act upon records.
5. How will we identify ESB is needed in a project?
Answer: Implementation of ESB is not suitable for all the projects. We should analyze is really ESB is required here or not. You need to analyze by taking below points into consideration. In the project, require 3 or more applications and services to be integrated and there must be a need to communicate between the applications. If it is plain of interacting with more applications and Services in the future then we can go with Mule ESB because it is highly scalable. We need to keep the cost also in mind before going to ESB implementation.
6. What are Message Sources is Mule ESB?
Answer: Message sources in Mule are usually Anypoint Connectors, elements which provide connectivity to a specific external source, either via a standard protocol (such as HTTP, FTP, SMTP) or a third-party API (such as Salesforce.com, Twitter, or MongoDB.)
7. What is a REST web service?
Answer: Representational State Transfer (REST) is an architectural style that specifies constraints, such as the uniform interface, that if applied to a web service induce desirable properties, such as performance, scalability, and modifiability, that enable services to work best on the Web.
8. What are the Message Sources in Mule ESB?
Answer: Message sources in Mule are usually Anypoint Connectors, elements that provide connectivity to a specific external source, either via a standard protocol (such as HTTP, FTP, SMTP) or a third-party API (such as Salesforce.com, Twitter, or MongoDB). REST stands for Representational State Transfer or RESTful web service. REST is a client-server architecture which means each unique URL is a representation of some object or resource. Any REST API developed uses HTTP methods explicitly and in a way that’s consistent with the protocol definition. This basic REST design principle establishes a one-to-one mapping between create, read, update, and delete (CRUD) operations and HTTP methods. According to this mapping: 1. To create a resource on the server, use POST. 2. To retrieve a resource, use GET. 3. To change the state of a resource or to update it, use PUT. 4. To remove or delete a resource, use DELETE.
9. What Is Endpoint In Mule?
Answer: An endpoint represents the specific usage of a protocol, whether it is for listening/polling, reading from, or writing to a particular target destination. Hence it controls what underlying entities will be used with the connector they depend on. (E learning portal) The target destination itself is defined as a URI. Depending on the connector, the URI will bear a different meaning; for example, it can represent a URL or a JMS destination.
10. What is RAML?
Answer: RAML stands for RESTful API Modeling Language is a YAML-based language for describing RESTful APIs. It provides all the information necessary to describe RESTful or practically RESTful APIs. RAML is similar to WSDL, it contains endpoint URL, request/response schema, HTTP methods, and query and URI parameter.
11. What is Flow Processing Strategies?
Answer:
- Flow processing strategies in Mulesoft are:
- Synchronous Flow Processing Strategy
- Queued Flow Processing Strategy
- Asynchronous Flow Processing Strategy
- Thread Per Processing Strategy
- Queued Asynchronous Flow Processing Strategy
- Non-blocking Flow Processing Strategy
- Custom Processing Strategy.
12. What is the Difference between SDO and SMO?
Answer: SDO: Service Data Object is the representation of the variable or Object. SMO: The SMO model is a pattern for using SDO Data Objects to represent messages
13. What is the use of Web service?
Answer: Web services are XML-based information exchange systems that use the Internet for direct application-to-application interaction. These systems can include programs, objects, messages, or documents. A web service is a collection of open protocols and standards used for exchanging data between applications or systems.
14. What are Web Services?
Answer: Web service is functionality or a small piece of program in any programming language that can be accessed over HTTP. Message format can be XML or JSON or any other program as long as the other programs can understand and communicate. A Web service can be of synchronous or asynchronous type. Any web service has a server-client relationship and it can have multiple clients.
15. What are the advantages of RESTful web services?
Answer: Advantages of RESTful Web Services Fast: RESTful Web Services are fast because there is no strict specification like SOAP. It consumes less bandwidth and resources. Language and Platform independent: RESTful web services can be written in any programming language and executed in any platform. Can use SOAP: RESTful web services can use SOAP web services as the implementation. Permits different data formats: RESTful web service permits different data formats such as Plain Text, HTML, XML, and JSON.
16. What is a Web service API?
Answer: An API (Application Programming Interface) is the means by which third parties can write code that interfaces with other code. A Web Service is a type of API, one that almost always operates over HTTP (though some, like SOAP, can use alternate transports, like SMTP).
17. What are the different types of variables in Mule ESB?
Answer: The different types of variables in Mule ESB are:
- Flow Variable
- Session Variable
- Record Variable
18. What are the various types of Exception Handling in Mule ESB? Answer: The types of exception handling in Mule ESB are:
- Default Exception Handling
- Global Exception Handling
- Catch Exception Handling
- Choice Exception Handling
19. Why the Mulesoft is preferred than other ESB implementations?
Answer: Mule is lightweight but highly scalable, allowing you to start small and connect more applications over time.
20. How to find when the project needs ESB?
Answer: ESB implementation is not suitable for all projects. Proper analysis should be done if the use of ESB will really benefit the project. Some of the points to be considered while analyzing the need of ESB are as follows:
- If the project requires integrating 3 or more applications/services. If the need is to communicate between two applications, using point-to-point integration would suffice.
- If the project would need to be scaled in the future where it might be needed to interact with more services in the future. Not all projects need this as they may perform not that big a task.
- If the project needs message routing capabilities such as forking and aggregating. message flows. Such features are not required by all projects.
- Is the architecture of what is to be achieved clear. It’s much better to do simple POCs integrating small parts to evaluate the benefits.
21. What are all the Primitives used in Mediation?
Answer:
- We have different types of primitives in mediation.
- Message Filter
- Type Filter
- Endpoint Lookup
- Service Invoke
- Fan-out
- Fan-in
- XSLT
- BO Map
- Message Element Setter
- DB lookup
- Data Handler
- Custom Mediation
- Header Setters
- Message Logger
- Even Emitter
- Stop
- Fail
- Sub Flow
22. What are all the configurations required for JDBC Adapter implementation?
Answer: Data Source needs to be created and needs to configure with DB. If we have security, then we need to created security authentication.
23. What Is the Transformer In Mule?
Answer: A transformer takes care of translating the content of a message from one form to another. It is possible to chain transformers to cumulate their effects. Transformers can kick in at different stages while a message transits through a service.
24. How to select an ESB?
Answer:
Usability: How complicated is the installation process? The learning curve of the ESB should not belong.
Maintainability: How to monitor the product? If any GUI terminal is available for monitoring the services.
Community: Is there an active community for the ESB. Various discussion forums,tutorials etc.
Enterprise Support– Is the product support reliable. What services are available.
Flexibility: Can the ESB be configured to meet the business requirements.
Reliability: The reliability of the ESB. Its current users and various case studies if available.
Cost: The cost of the ESB. Its Licence policies. Support costs. etc.
25. What is REST?
Answer: REST stands for Representational State Transfer or RESTful web service. REST is a client-server architecture which means each unique URL is a representation of some object or resource. Any REST API developed uses HTTP methods explicitly and in a way that’s consistent with the protocol definition. This basic REST design principle establishes a one-to-one mapping between create, read, update, and delete (CRUD) operations and HTTP methods. According to this mapping:
- To create a resource on the server, use POST.
- To retrieve a resource, use GET.
- To change the state of a resource or to update it, use PUT.
- To remove or delete a resource, use DELETE.
Example: If we want to create a REST service that fetches the record of a customer then our URI will be: GET Http://tutorialsAtoZ.com/customer/{customerID} where the HTTP method is GET, The resource is customer And the URI parameter is customer which depicts for which resource we want to fetch the records.
26. What are the Features of Mule ESB?
Answer: An ESB is used for integration using a service-oriented approach. Its main features are: Set of Service Container Message Transformation Service Message Routing Service Web Service Security.
27. What is the Correlation Context?
Answer: Correlation Context: Used when Mediation primitives want to pass values from the request flow to the response flow. Used to pass values from the request message onto the response.
28. What’s the difference between SOAP and REST?
Answer: REST is almost always going to be faster. The main advantage of SOAP is that it provides a mechanism for services to describe themselves to clients and to advertise their existence. REST is much more lightweight and can be implemented using almost any tool, leading to lower bandwidth and shorter learning curve. However, the clients have to know what to send and what to expect. In general, When you’re publishing an API to the outside world that is either complex or likely to change, SOAP will be more useful. Other than that, REST is usually the better option.
29. What are Shared Resources in Mule and how are they been used?
Answer: We can make connectors as a reusable component by defining them as common resources and expose them to all applications deployed under the same domain, these resources are known as shared resources. These shared resource needs to be defined inside Mule Domain Project and then referred to each of the projects that are meant to use the elements in it.
30. What’s a typical day like for you?
Answer: I help MuleSoft customers connect applications using CloudHub. I would say that on average I spend maybe 60% of my time in Mule Studio and the rest of the time with meetings, project planning, documentation and that sort of thing.
31. What Is Service Layer In Mule?
Answer: A Mule service is composed of all the Mule entities involved in processing particular requests in predefined manners. A service is defined by a specific configuration. This configuration determines the different elements, from the different layers of responsibility, that will be mobilized to process the requests that it will be open to receive. Depending on the type of input channel it uses, a service may or may not be publicly accessible outside of the ESB.
32. What Is Payload In Mule?
Answer: The content of a message, also known as the payload. It is wrapped in an instance of org. mule. API. Mule Message, which provides different means of accessing the payload under different forms. A Mule Message also contains properties, much like the header of a SOAP envelope or the properties of a JMS message, and can also have multiple named attachments.
33. What is a SOAP Web Service?
Answer: SOAP stands for Simple Object Access Protocol. It is an XML-based protocol for accessing web services. SOAP is a W3C recommendation for communication between two applications. SOAP is XML based protocol. It is platform-independent and language independent. By using SOAP, you will be able to interact with other programming language applications.
34. Difference between Callout and Service Invoke?
Answer: Service Invoke: The Service Invoke primitive is used to make a service request in either a request or response mediation flow. The service may be Request/Response or One-Way. Multiple instances of the Service Invoke primitive are permitted in a flow, allowing a series of service invocations to be performed. Callout: The Callout receives the message and calls the requested service and operation. There is a Callout node for each connected target operation in the mediation flow. – If the call is successful, the Callout Response node in the response flow receives the response message. – If the call is unsuccessful, the Callout can be set to retry service invocations depending on the type of fault received.
35. What is Flow Processing Strategies?
Answer: The strategies of Flow Processing are majorly seven in number as follows: • Synchronous Flow Processing Strategy • Custom Processing Strategy • Queued Flow Processing Strategy • Thread Per Processing Strategy
36. Various types of Exception Handling?
Answer:
- Default Exception Handling
- Global Exception Handling
- Catch Exception Handling
37. What is a Web service API?
Answer: An API (Application Programming Interface) is the means by which third parties can write code that interfaces with other code. A Web Service is a type of API, one that almost always operates over HTTP (though some, like SOAP, can use alternate transports, like SMTP).
38. What Difficulties Mule Does Encompass?
Answer: Transport: applications can accept input from a variety of means, from the file system to the network.
Data format: speaking the right protocol is only part of the solution, as applications can use almost any form of representation for the data they exchange.
invocation styles: synchronous, asynchronous, or batch call semantics entail very different integration strategies.
Lifecycles: applications of different origins that serve varied purposes tend to have disparate development, maintenance, and operational lifecycles.
39. Where to find the class Abstract Mule Test Case?
Answer: This is in 1.4/1.4.1 distributions but was missing from the 1.3.3 distribution – the class is defined in /lib/mule/mule-core-.jar. Our design of course tutorials and interview questions is practical and informative. At TekSlate, we offer resources to help you learn various IT courses. We avail of both written material and demo video tutorials. For in-depth knowledge and practical experience explore.
40. What is the difference between ESB and JMS?
Answer: ESB provides the middleware and interfaces that allow businesses to connect their applications without writing code. JMS provides messaging capability and facilitates communication between the modules/applications.
41. Is Mulesoft a middleware?
Answer: Mule Enterprise Service Bus is a middleware technology that quickly, easily, an securely connects the enterprise. Unlike typical middleware software, Mule as an ESB is a Java-based middleware solution that is easy to use and easy to scale.
42. What is the difference between SOAP and REST?
Answer: SOAP and REST 1. SOAP is a protocol. — REST is an architectural style. 2. SOAP stands for Simple Object Access Protocol. -> REST stands for REpresentational State Transfer. 3. SOAP can’t use REST because it is a protocol. — REST can use SOAP web services because it is a concept and can use any protocol like HTTP, SOAP. 4. SOAP uses services interfaces to expose business logic. — REST uses URI to expose business logic. 5. SOAP defines standards to be strictly followed. — REST does not define too many standards like SOAP. 6. SOAP defines standards to be strictly followed. — REST does not define too many standards like SOAP. 7. SOAP requires more bandwidth and resources than REST. — REST requires less bandwidth and resource than SOAP. 8. SOAP defines its own security. — RESTful web services inherit security measures from the underlying transport. 9. SOAP permits an XML data format only. — REST permits different data formats such as Plain text, HTML, XML, JSON, etc. 10. SOAP is less preferred than REST. — REST more preferred than SOAP.
43. What is the MuleSoft Anypoint platform and where it will be used?
Answer: MuleSoft Anypoint Platform of integration products is designed to tie both software as a service (SaaS) and on-premises software.
44. What Is Multicasting Router In Mule?
Answer: The multicasting router can send messages to multiple endpoints over different transports. The multicasting router allows you to easily move the same messages across these different endpoints.(Mulesoft Training )
45. Why Does An Endpoint In Mule Offer An Address Attribute?
Answer: This allows us to configure a generic endpoint using the Mule 1.x style of URI-based destination addresses instead of the dedicated attributes of the specific endpoint element.
46. What Is File Property In File Connector In Mule?
Answer: The file Age property specifies how long the endpoint should wait before reading the file again. For instance, a file Age of 60000 indicates Mule should wait a minute before processing the file again.
47. Various types of variables in mule?
Answer: 1. Record Variable. 2. Flow Variable. 3. Session Variable.
48. What are the different ESBs in the market?
Answer: There are various ESB’s available in the market. Some are opensource, some licensed: 1. Talend 2. Mule ESB 3. JBoss Fuse ESB
49. What is a Mule UMO?
Answer: A Mule UMO is a Universal Message Object UMO is now a legacy term. What was once referred to as UMO Components are now referred to as Service Components?
50. What are the different types of flow?
Answer:
Subflow: A subflow is always synchronous. It is similar to asynchronous flow, subflow executes in the same thread of the calling process. The calling process triggers the sub-flow and waits for it to complete and resumes once the sub-flow has completed.
Synchronous Flow: Same as sub-flow, the only difference is that in synchronous flows you need to separately define an exception strategy to it, it does not inherit the exception strategy of its calling flow.
Asynchronous Flow: As in sub-flow and synchronous flow, calling process triggers the sub-flow and waits for it to complete; for asynchronous flow the flow, The calling process triggers an asynchronous flow and moves ahead to its next activity. An asynchronous flow executes in parallel to its calling/parent flow in a different thread. An asynchronous flow does not return its output to its parent/calling flow.
Private Flow: a flow that does not have an inbound connector in the source. This means a private flow cannot start of its own on receiving the inbound message as it does not have an inbound connector, A private flow can only be called using flow-ref same as sub-flow.
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