SAP PP Module Interview Questions And Answers Pdf
1. Explain what is SAP PP?
Answer: SAP PP process is related to production planning of a company and it encompasses all activities like MRP (Material Requirement Planning), BOM (Bills Of Material), Routing, Capacity planning, etc. but mainly it contains two segments
Material Planning: Material requirements planning, long term planning,
Execution Planning: Creation of production order, workflow, conformations, technical completion, and good movement.
2. Mention what is the production process in SAP?
Answer: There are three types of the production process in SAP
- Discrete Manufacturing
- Repetitive Manufacturing
- Production- Process Industries
3. List out the activities carried out in Production Planning?
Answer:
Activities involved in Production Planning includes
- Processing material master
- Creation of Bill of Material
- Displaying work center and routing
- Maintaining a planning calendar
- Maintaining production lot
- Maintaining quota file
- Defining the range of coverage profile and profile for safety time
Defining MRP views
4. Can anybody explain to me why the work scheduling view is required for semi-finished and finished products?
Answer: We need to maintain working scheduling view in order to make that finished or semi-finished goods available for
production as we assign production scheduler and production scheduler profile in this view, if not maintained
conversion of planned order to production will not be possible.
5. What is MRP List and what is the use of it?
Answer: Definition of the MRP List
The system creates MRP lists during the planning run according to how you set the creation indicator. These lists contain the planning result for the material. The MRP list always displays the stock/requirements situation at the time of the last planning run and it also provides a work basis for the MRP controller. Changes that are made after the planning date are not taken into consideration, so the list is static. MRP lists are stored in the system until they are either deleted manually or replaced by new lists from a subsequent planning run.
6. What is the use of Stock Requirement List?
Answer: In the stock/requirements list, the most up-to-date stock and requirements situation is displayed. The main difference between the MRP list and the stock/requirements list is that each time the stock/requirements list is called up, the system selects the various MRP elements and displays the most up-to-date situation. You thus always see the current availability situation of the material in the stock/requirements list. Changes that are made after the planning date are displayed directly, so the list is therefore dynamic. Stock/requirements lists are not saved in a fixed state in the system, but are subject to change and only exist in the working memory. (e learning portal)
Comparison
The screen layout of both lists is basically the same. The system automatically runs the rescheduling check directly when both lists are created and puts forward rescheduling proposals. The number of exception messages displayed in each list is roughly the same. The only difference lies in the fact that, due to the nature of the list, no exception messages can occur for newly planned MRP elements in the stock/requirements list. Directly after the planning run, both lists contain the same information. As soon as a change relevant to MRP is made, the system updates the information in the stock/requirements list. As stock/requirements lists are subject to change, they cannot be set with a processing indicator.
7. Suppose the client wants me the vacancy to be displayed on a website as well as ESS. How should I do it?
Answer: Employee Self-Service enables employees to create, display, and change their own HR-related data in the Enterprise Portal generally related to. Benefits and Payments, Working Time, Career and Job, Employee Search, Personal Data, Travel Management, Corporate Information and Life and Work Events. So the kind of data the employees can edit, change or delete depending upon the authorizations the employees (users and roles) have. The authorization to have access to the vacancies by employees is given, generally, the vacancies will be displayed for all the employees i.e all the employees will have authorizations.
8. What is the internal recruitment?
Answer: Internal recruitment is the search for internal applicants. when you integrate with personal development, you can use profile match up which help to search for resources internally.
9. What is Purpose of Schedule Margin Key?
Answer: In this step, you specify the floats for determining the basic dates of the planned orders. The floats are allocated to the material via the release period key in the material master record.
Opening period: The opening period represents the number of workdays that are subtracted from the order start date in order to determine the order creation date. This time is used by the MRP controller as a float for converting planned orders into purchase requisitions or into production orders.
Float before production: The float before production represents the number of workdays that are planned as a float between the order start date (planned start date) and the production start date (target start date). On the one hand, this float is intended to guarantee that delays in staging a material do not delay the production start. On the other hand, the production dates can be brought forward by means of the float to cope with capacity bottlenecks.
Float after production: The float after production should provide a float for the production process to cope with any disruptions so that there is no danger that the planned finish date will be exceeded. You plan the float after production between order finish date (planned finish date) and scheduled end (target finish date).
Release period: The release period represents the number of workdays that are subtracted from the order start date in order to determine the production order release. The release period is only relevant for production order management.
10. What is the opening period?
Answer:
Opening period: The opening period represents the number of workdays that are subtracted from the order start date in order to determine the order creation date. This time is used by the MRP controller as a float for converting planned orders into purchase requisitions or into production orders.
11. What is the planning time fence?
Answer:
1. The planning time fence specifies a period within which no automatic changes are to be made to the master plan.
2. The planning time fence is maintained in workdays.
12. What are all the settings done for configuring the integration of PP with FICO?
Answer:
1. Do availability check. You will get missing parts list. Procure those missing parts. Then confirm the production order. One more thing you can do, change customize setting so that user cannot release if parts are missing during order release.
2. Standard cost is the cost which is fixed for a period, variable cost is varying with a period. As for example the cost of semi-finished, finished materials are fixed & the cost of raw materials are varied.
3. You will find in master data tab page of production header data overview, CO02 – Read PP Master Data. Also from the Functions menu, you will get Read PP Master Data. This means that you want the system to re-update the production order with the latest BOM structure.
4. Assigning of Cost center to work center. Assigning Activity type to work center, Standard Cost estimate, Costing Run, Order settlement, Product costing.
13. What is the Planning Horizon?
Answer: In this step, you define the planning horizon. This planning horizon specifies the period for the “Net change planning in the planning horizon”.
In this kind of net change planning, only those materials that have undergone a change that is relevant to MRP within the planning horizon are included in the planning run. Such materials receive a net change planning indicator in the planning file. You make this specification for a plant. You can define an alternative planning horizon for MRP groups.
14. We get an error message “Control parameters for scheduling not defined” while creating test production Orders. Why?
Answer: Before you attempt creating Production orders, configure your
Order types- Transaction Code OPHJ
Order type Dependent parameters – Transaction Code OPL8
Backorder Scheduling – Transaction Code OMIH
Scheduling Levels – Transaction Code OMIF
15. What is LSMW?
Answer: The LSM Workbench is an SAP System tool that supports you when copying data from non-SAP systems.
16. What do we do in the Realization Phase?
Answer: Provide ARICEF, Configuration Documents, integration test, BPP, UAT, Unit Test and implements some SAP notes.
17. In LSMW which is the most important step?
Answer:
- Maintain Object Attributes
- Maintain Source Structures
- Maintain Source Fields
- Maintain Structure Relations
- Maintain Field Mapping and Conversion Rules
- Maintain Fixed Values, Translations, User-Defined Routines.
18. How to insert an inspection checkpoint at the end of an operation?
Answer: If the in-process sample is to be defined, assign inspection type 03 in the Material Master. Then create MICs and assign them in the Routings. The system automatically generates the Inspection Lots
19. Can we use the same routine for materials undergoing the same process/operations? Can we avoid separate routing for each and every material produced?
Answer: Presume that there are 50 products and the fabrication shop uses a set of 10 machines. If all these products use the same settings of the machines, Reference Operation Sets (task list type S) can be set up for common processes that use the same work centers. However costing, scheduling and capacity will be affected if each product has different setup time and Reference Operation sets can not be used.
A routing for each material number ( type N or R) has to be set up and within that routing, the Reference Operation Set can be used. However, you can try utilizing the KMAT material and product variants invariant configuration to avoid separate routing for each material.
You may create a routing group. Go into routing creation and enter the plant and the group name. If you want you may name the group, else name is assigned by internal counter). Create the routing with the work centers, operation times, etc. Go to the “Header overview” screen and click on the “Mat Alloc” screen. Fill in the blanks with all the material masters that use this routing.
20. What is the use of MRP PP evaluations?
Answer: This role contains a function for evaluating the MRP result. This function can be used to find information about the availability of material and to identify any material shortage situation.
21. Mention what is the purpose of using Capacity Planning?
Answer:
Capacity Planning supports planning in all phases
Long term rough-cut planning
Medium-term planning
Short term planning
It can be integrated with various SAP applications like SAP-SD, PP, PP-SOP, PP-LTP, PP-SFC, etc.
22. Explain how can you create production order without routing and BOM?
Answer: Without BOM and routing you can create a production order by changing the config in OPL8 ( order type dependent parameters) as routing optional. When we try to create an order using C001 it may ask for a sales order.
23. Explain what happens to plan after it has been converted into production order?
Answer: When planned order is converted to the production order, the planned order is offset by production order. The planned order reference can be seen in the production order.
24. Mention what is the difference between stock transport order and stock transfer order?
Answer: Stock transfer order: It is referred to the transfer of stock for the usage in the same company
Stock transport order: It is referred to the change of title of stock in the name of the buyer
25. Explain what is PRT (Production Resource Tools) in SAP PP?
Answer: PRT (Production Resource Tools) are moveable operating objects used to perform repetitive activities in plant or production maintenance, for example, documents such as drawings or programs for which document management functions are used. Various other PRT components include
Engineering drawings
Jigs
Fixtures
Measurement Instruments
26. What is INTERNAL PAYROLL PROCESS?
Answer: Payroll process(program) is run at a specific point in time, not only to calculate an employee’s basic remuneration but also any special payments, overtime payments or bonuses that must be effected for the period in question.
27. What is meant by authorization? Did you ever work on it?
Answer: Authorizations are the transactions given to the end-users or the developers for only some areas to work, info types, transaction codes, org units, and others depending on the requirement of the client or the developing enterprise. Check this at PFCG code.
28. What are Dynamic Actions? Give a few examples. What are IT’s you used in them?
Answer: Dynamic actions are triggered by the system. They are the result of some personnel action. If you make a change (personnel action) to the personnel data of an info type that then has an effect on the data of a second info type, the system automatically displays the info type. One of the main purposes of the dynamic action (of the system) is to have a consistent and coherent data. These actions are started automatically by the system, unlike the Personnel actions which you start by yourself. The best example is when you carry out an action lets say hiring, you need to populate a set of info types. Your initial entry of details in infotype 0000 is personnel action. When you do this system automatically displays next info types- which is a result of dynamic action
29. What is IT 41 used for? How do I default IT 41?
Answer: Date Specifications (Info type 0041). The following information is recorded in the Date Specifications info type (0041). The Date type specifies the type of information. A concrete Date type (specified by the user) is used in a series of reports, for example, to evaluate an entry date that cannot be derived from the organizational assignment history but which is stored in the Date Specifications info type(0041). This info type can be used in payroll as well as for the leave program. The standard system contains twelve combinations of Date type and Date. If you require more than twelve date specifications for an employee at the same time, you can use time constraint.
30. In TM, if a group of employees gets 10 days of annual leave, what will be the time evaluation status?
Answer: TIME evaluation shows the exact details maintained over to the employee through his 2006 and 2001. if they are all allowed to take leave it shows leave as paid or unpaid depending on the configuration done by the consultant for this situation. in
processing time data in payroll or even Time evaluation ( Valuation of absences ) also.
31. How the processing time is calculated in a WC when both labor, Machine categories exist?
Answer: Scheduling is done based on the Capacity Category we define in the Workcenter.
32. Mention what are the t-codes for creating, changing and summarizing BOM?
Answer:
BOM transaction codes for
Creating BOM= CS01
Changing BOM= CS02
Summarized BOM=CS13
33. Where have we to specify the teardown time in one operation?
Answer: Teardown time can be defined as one of the Standard Parameters.
34. What is REPORT VARIANT FOR OFF CYCLE ACTIVITIES, what do we do in this step?
Answer: Variant is to save all input field parameters. once you saved as a variant, you can use the same for future purposes.
35. What is the role of an administrator in PA?
Answer: To restrict access to Personnel administration based on PA/PSA.
Administrator: we come across for Personnel administration, Time management, and Payroll in sap.
Each administrator is responsible for each individual activity. You can get the name of the administrator in the payslip so the employee for any clarification he can meet the responsible administrator (accessed through payslip)
This administrator (is created in PA of PM) is responsible for recruitment.
36. How is the processing time calculated in a WC when both labor, Machine categories exist?
Answer: Scheduling is done based on the Capacity Category we define in the Workcenter.
37. What is ‘BOM’?
Answer: A ‘BOM (Bill of Material)’ is nothing but a structured list of components (with the object number, quantity, and unit of measure) that go into the making of a product or an assembly. Depending on the industry sector, they may also be called recipes or lists of ingredients. The structure of the product determines whether the bill of material is simple or very complex.
38. What are the ‘BOM Categories’ Supported by SAP?
Answer:
The following are the various Categories of BOM:
Equipment BOM
Material BOM
Sales Order BOM
Document Structure
Functional Location BOM
WBS BOM
39. What are all the ‘Technical Types of BOM’?
Answer: There are two ‘Technical Types of BOM’ supported in SAP:
Variant BOM
Material BOM
Differentiate ‘Variant BOM’ from ‘Multiple BOM.’
While a ‘Variant BOM’ groups together several BOMs that describe different objects (for example, different models of a car) with a high proportion of identical parts, a Multiple BOM groups together several BOMs that describe one object (for example, a product) with different combinations of materials for different processing methods.
The Variant BOMs are supported for the following BOM categories:
Material BOMs
Document structures
Equipment BOMs
Functional location BOMs
Multiple BOMs are only supported for Material BOMs.
40. What is a ‘Work Center’ in PP?
Answer: A ‘Work Center’ in PP (PP-BD-BOM) is an organizational unit that can be a combination of machines or groups of craftsmen, people, and production lines, wherein certain operations are carried out to produce some output. Each of the work centers is assigned to a cost center. A work center can be assigned to a work center in SAP-HR, which will enable the assignment of employees, qualifications, etc.
41. What is a ‘Routing’ in PP?
Answer: A ‘Routing’ in PP (PP-BD-RTG) is used to define the sequence of operations (work steps) and resources required to perform certain operations in order to produce a material with or without reference to an order. The standard values of planned time for the various operations need to be entered into the routing.
There are two different types of routing:
Routing
Rate routing
(A similar concept exists in PS where you define a ‘task list,’ which is similar to ‘routing’ in PP.)
42. What is known as ‘Demand Management’?
Answer: ‘Demand Management’ (PP-MP-DEM) helps in determining the required quantities and delivery dates for finished goods assemblies. It uses the planned independent requirements and customer requirements (customer requirements come from sales orders). Planning strategies help in deciding the kind of demand program. If production is triggered by sales orders, then it is known as ‘Make-to order’ production; it is not then it is known as ‘Make-to-Stock’ production.
43. What are the Three ‘MRP Procedures’?
Answer: Materials Requirements Planning (MRP)
Master Production Scheduling (MPS)
Consumption-based Planning
What is ‘MPS’ (Master Production Scheduling)?
Executed as that of an MRP, ‘MPS’ is nothing but a special form of MRP, which aims to reduce storage costs and to increase planning stability. With MPS you can flag materials that greatly influence company profits or take up critical resources as master schedule items and check and plan them separately with a series of special tools.
44. What is ‘Consumption-based Planning?
Answer: Using past consumption data, ‘Consumption-based Planning’ aims at determining future requirements. In the process, it makes use of material forecasts or any other ‘static’ planning procedures. The ‘net requirements’ calculation is triggered when the stock level falls below a reorder point. The net requirements can also be calculated by forecast requirements from a historical consumption pattern.
45. What is SLA? Service Level Agreements?
Answer: Service Level Agreements (SLA) define the attributes for service products (for example, maintenance, Hotline) that have been agreed upon with the customer in service contracts. The SLA confirms different parameters, such as response time, availability time and system availability.
46. What are the Basic Dates?
Answer: The earliest date for the execution of the production order. This date takes into account the float before production. If on order creation, a planned order exists for the production order or process order, then the order dates are taken from the planned order. When scheduling the production order the system tries to adhere to the order dates (if necessary, with reduction measures).
1. If it is not possible to adhere to the basic dates and if the control parameter in Customizing allows the basic dates to be adjusted, the system adjusts the basic dates of the order during the scheduling run.
2. If the control parameter in Customizing does not allow the basic dates to be adjusted, the order keeps the basic dates of the planned order.
3. If the production order is created manually, you must enter at least one order date manually.
4. The scheduling type determines, which order dates you must enter.
47. What is Group BOM?
Answer: An alphanumeric character string used to uniquely identify a BOM.
Use
If you assign a “meaningful” number to a BOM group, this gives you an additional way of accessing the BOM.
The system stores the following under a BOM group:
1. all the alternatives in a multiple BOM
2. all the BOMs entered for a variant BOM
48. Can’t one material be assigned to more than one operation in a routine?
Answer: One material from a BOM CANNOT be assigned to different Operations.
It can be done by defining the material for so many times as required in the BOM
49. What is the purpose of creating symbolic a/c, what is transaction code for same? Can we assign one symbolic a/c to multiple wage types?
Answer: It depends upon your payroll requirement to create salary head like expense account etc.
50. We need to do GI of components to production order using Back-flush. The component stock is managed in Batches. The Batch to be back-flushed?
Answer: With the following settings, the batches are selected the moment the production order is released.
1: Set up batch determination the way that the batches in the batch selection are sorted the right way. e.g. sorted by the expiry date
2: Use automatic batch selection in disp view.
3: Ensure that the components are allowed to be back-flushed (material master/ work center) is selected by FIFO from the issue storage location.
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